经典的理论是解释不了物质萨克效应的。

下边是有关介绍。我就不翻译了。

2.2 Universality of the Sagnac Effect

The experimental data show that: (i) the Sagnac fringe shift (1) does not
depend either on the presence of a co-moving optical medium or on the group
velocity of the counter-propagating beams; (ii) the Sagnac time difference
(2) does not depend either on the light wavelength or on the presence of a
co-moving optical medium. This is a first important clue of the universality
of the Sagnac effect. However, the most compelling claim for the universal
character of the Sagnac effect comes from the validity of eq. (1) not for light
beams only, but also for any kind of ”entities” (such as electromagnetic
and acoustic waves, classical particles and electron Cooper pairs, neutron
beams and De Broglie waves and so on...) travelling in opposite directions
along a closed path in a rotating interferometer, with the same (in absolute
value) velocity with respect to the turntable. This fact is well proved by experimental texts (see Subsection 2.3).

Of course the entities take different times for a complete round-trip, depending
on their velocity relative to the turntable; but the difference between
these times is always given by eq. (2). So, the amount of the time difference
is always the same, both for matter and light waves, independently of the
physical nature of the interfering beams.

This astounding but experimentally well proved ”universality” of the
Sagnac effect is quite inexplicable on the basis of the classical physics, and
invokes a geometrical explanation in the Minkowskian space-time of the
SRT.

2.3 Experimental tests and derivation of the Sagnac Effect
The Sagnac effect with matter waves has been verified experimentally using
Cooper pairs[41] in 1965, using neutrons[42] in 1984, using 40Ca atoms
beams[43] in 1991 and using electrons, by Hasselbach-Nicklaus[44], in 1993.
The effect of the terrestrial rotation on neutron phase was demonstrated in
1979 by Werner et al.[45] in a series of famous experiments.