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Demonstrate the establishment of the principle of relativity Keywords: mechanics, the principle of relativity, inertial systems, non-inertial frames, Maxwell equations, constancy of the speed of light: Chinese Wu Xing Guang吴兴广 Abstract: If we assume that the Department of the time in the rest frame of uniform linear motion, like space, objects in the different inertial frames, the quality is the same, then in the rest frame of uniform linear motion department mechanical experiments. That the principle of relativity holds. Body; laws of mechanics are the same in any inertial system. This exposition is called the principle of Galilean relativity. The principle of relativity can have different interpretations. For example, can be expressed as follows: any mechanics experiment in an inertial reference system can not determine whether it is in the uniform linear motion; relative to another inertial reference system or any inertial system are affirmative. [1] Why the laws of mechanics are the same in any inertial system? Why any inertial frame are equal rights? Where affirmative flat? Why the establishment of the principle of relativity? If direct argument that the establishment of the principle of relativity, really bad start. Since the principle of relativity say the mechanics experiment is the same, Speaking from mechanical experiments. Mechanics experiments include? 1) without force. No force, the object is stationary or uniform linear motion; 2) force. Objects produce an acceleration force, in line with Newton's second law F = ma we inertial system is divided into stationary uniform linear motion system. The mechanics experiment is the same as, say what? 'Mechanics experiments like' objects from the force, said the speed is the same size in the rest frame (V static) sports uniform linear motion system (V move) movement 's. Assuming 'the same size as the speed' with V, V = V static = V move. V = 1m / s, means that the movement in the rest frame of 1m / s, and the uniform linear motion department 1m / s movement. Specific to the Galilean principle of relativity without force is equal to the speed, including still. = V V static action is the principle of relativity. How do I prove that V the static = V move? Means that we have to prove that the two, like the speed is the same as in the reference department. Equal to the rest frame of the space and the space of uniform linear motion lines (or the same), for example to the rest frame of one meter on uniform linear motion system or a meter, one meter and 1 meter in the same movement after a space of one meter 1 meter of the same space. Rest frame of time equal to the time of the uniform linear motion system (or the same), then the same speed, whether stationary or in uniform linear motion system. Assuming the rest frame of the space with static 'S' time with 'static'; uniform linear motion system space with the 'S action' time with the 'T move' = S S static dynamic, T static = T Activity, then V static = S static / T Static V Activity = S Activity / T Activity time according to the movement of the object t = T the static = T Activity, through the space static s = S = S Activity, then S Static / T static = S move / T action = V V static dynamic. For example, 10m / s of the object in the stationary motion one second, after the displacement is 10m; then 10m / s of the object in uniform linear motion, moving a second displacement is 10m. As long as 10m and 10m, one second and one second, so the two 10m / s speed is the same. Mechanical experiment, the establishment of the principle of relativity. 2) in mechanical experiments, with a mass of the object in the rest frame with M static, uniform linear motion system with M Dynamic say is F = ma. Stationary by the force F static acceleration produced by a static; the department uniform linear motion by the force with F moving expressed acceleration produced by a moving said. If the objects produce the same acceleration, then the force received by the same. 1) permit a static = a move. If the quality of the mass of the object in the rest frame of the object in the department of uniform linear motion, then we can prove F static = F moving. Means that if it is assumed that the mass of the object is the same as in the rest frame of uniform linear motion department, time and space are the same, then we would come to the object the same acceleration movement when, by the force is the same. Mechanical experiment, the establishment of the principle of relativity. That is, if we assume that the Department of the time in the rest frame of uniform linear motion, the same space, the same quality of the objects in different inertial frames, and then in the rest frame of uniform linear motion department mechanical experiments. That the principle of relativity holds. If the principle of relativity, the stationary uniform linear motion system time and the same space, the same quality of the objects in different inertial frames. Is the same for the different reference system time, turn "argument time is a total amount of all the moving object is the same as the time derivation of the formula for the different reference system space, turn" principle role of the reference system. Special Relativity Principle All the laws of physics are the same in different inertial frames. This assumption is often referred to as the principle of relativity of Einstein. Einstein Galileo's principle of relativity extended to the electromagnetic law and all other laws of physics. [2] We know that the principle of special relativity principle has not changed, just expand the range. Therefore the above argument established. If we assume that the objects in the time of the stationary uniform linear motion lines, like space, then the the stationary uniform linear motion department of the speed of light is the same, the Maxwell equations in inertial. If the principle of relativity was established, the Department of the time in the rest frame of uniform linear motion, the same space. This shows that the speed of light constant, the same time because the Department of stationary uniform linear motion, we can see the same. For any reference system, all the laws of physics are the same. --- General Principle of Relativity. You might ask the question: If the rest frame of uniform linear motion system time, like space, the quality of the objects in different inertial frames, as in the rest frame and mechanical experiments in uniform linear motion system is . That the principle of relativity holds. Then accelerate Department? Acceleration Department of Newton's laws of motion does not hold, is not to say, in the acceleration department time is not the same? The space is not the same? Not. First, why say that the to accelerate system inside Newton's laws of motion does not hold? We usually described: put a ball on the desktop in the car, with respect to the carriage reference system, the ball remains stationary, zero ball together by external forces, in line with Newton's laws of motion. [5] Now imagine compartments start right do accelerated motion, observing in the compartment, the ball will be left to do the accelerated motion (Figure 3-18), small ball and not by the force of the other objects, the force acting is still zero. This shows that Newton's laws of motion: the do variable motion relative to the ground car, is no longer valid. Secondly, what is the principle of relativity? If Newton's laws of motion, that is, the principle of relativity does not hold. Then for the reference system of uniform linear motion, Newton's laws of motion established it? First, the ball then not in contact with the desktop it left the movement has nothing to do, a small left desktop, vacant also left the movement. We assume that the ball is vacant. (Do you agree?) You can assume that it is not to the whereabouts. Second, in accordance with the 'now envisaged compartments saying the right to do the accelerated motion observation in the compartment, the ball will be left to do the accelerated motion' Now imagine compartment to the right of uniform linear motion, then relative to the carriage still small ball, with compartments sports? The key word. Small ball with the car turned out to be relatively static, now the train suddenly to the right of uniform linear motion, according to Newton's laws of motion, the ball does not receive external force, keep static. 'Still' do not misunderstand. Still not say observers as moving to the right in a small club with the car, but still in the original location. In the carriage of the observer, it seems the ball to the left of uniform linear motion. Can be seen in the department of uniform linear motion does not comply with Newton's laws of motion. The principle of relativity says that objects in the rest frame of the stationary object has inertia, remain stationary; stationary objects in uniform linear motion system inertia, remain stationary. The principle of relativity is not to say that the original rest frame objects becomes uniform linear motion system, are stationary in the the still reference system (in this case) stationary object with the reference system becomes uniform linear motion (becomes uniform linear motion system) with stationary. Thus, we know that Newton's laws of motion Newton's laws of motion in a stationary uniform linear motion system is not set up with each other, but each set up. Similarly, the Department of stationary acceleration. Newton's laws of motion, acceleration system, not in the rest frame of the establishment; Newton's laws of motion in the rest frame of the accelerated system does not hold. Stationary due to inertia remain at rest or of uniform linear motion objects in the accelerated system seems not force acceleration to Department itself acceleration opposite direction acceleration that remain at rest or of uniform linear motion due to inertia in the rest frame does not exist . The athletic department that objects remain at rest or of uniform linear motion inertia, in the rest frame, and acceleration Department as a certain acceleration of movement. Of this nature is mainly reflected in the non-contact forces, such as gravitation. [3] The same time according to Newton's laws of motion Newton's laws of motion in a stationary uniform linear motion system is not set up with each other, but each set up, we can also assume that in the reference department, like space, then the inertial system with non- inertial reference frame, all the experiments, the establishment of the principle of relativity. Above, assuming the reference system of the time we talk about the same space, draw in the rest frame of the stationary state is still in uniform linear motion system state, which is the principle of relativity; accompanied by uniform linear motion system in the stationary state is not stationary in the stationary state. Changes in such a state of motion is the speed of the classic synthesis, namely the Galilean transformation. As the space is the same, this transformation with the reference system related to the description of the space. Reference system's role is described as a fixed point of space, its own space. Due to the different speed of the reference system, resulting in a description of the space is different. [4] The nature of the reference system Reference system. Own through the space as the space, regardless of the reference system after the space how to change, after the space is much, are treated as a fixed point of the space zero deemed spatial processing. Reference system as a reference system, The movement of the object is relative to the movement of the reference system, the object through space is relative to the reference system of the space. Such different speeds of reference system for the description of the same object, the object through space will be described different. This different specific embodiment is, 1 may be the starting point for the different; 2 may be different endpoint. Eventually cause the displacement of different. Reference system through the space and objects through space is the space of the object relative to the reference system to describe the movement of the reference system (or displacement). The displacement of the object to be described for the second reference system S2, the second reference system for the displacement of the first reference system is S1, then the object described for the displacement of the first reference system is S = S2 + S1 (a case ). Time is the same, then the speed is V = V2 + V1 References: [1] high school physics [2] high school physics [3] "categories inertial frame problem" [4] "the principle of the reference system [5] high school physics The 2012-8-31 20:01:02 err translation, see the Chinese original |