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三个效应
反引力效应 刘武青效应 光源旋转效应
电子期刊 第35期 2002-03-08 http://go.163.com/cqfyl
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数据可能更使人警醒。据《科技日报》报道，“８６３计划”实施１５年来，申请专利与发表论文的比例大约为１比３０
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2001/12/30 22:07 字节:675 点击:18次 帖号:11618
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科学技术与产业泡沫 中国科技界直面“浮躁”
2001年08月27日10:02:54 新华网
浮躁已成为科技界不得不严肃面对的现象了。上周，国内科技界最有影响力的《科技日报》和《科学时报》先后大篇幅刊载文章，矛头直指科技人员的“浮躁”现象。其中《科技日报》长篇评论称之为“科技界流行的瘟疫”。
...............
论文多而成果太少
数据可能更使人警醒。据《科技日报》报道，“８６３计划”实施１５年来，申请专利与发表论文的比例大约为１比３０。其中某一年仅获得３项专利。论文偏多而成果太少，某种程度上折射出某些科技工作者务虚不务实的作风。
..............
为了远离“浮躁”，科技界已经达成共识：科学的诚实严谨既需要学者自律，也要有科学的管理和监督体制。 （来源：《北京晨报》/薛晖）
刘武青
数据可能更使人警醒。据《科技日报》报道，“８６３计划”实施１５年来，申请专利与发表论文的比例大约为１比３０ [刘武青] 675 12.30 22:07 18
回复: [jqsphy] 374 12.31 13:15 19
是的，专利应在科学之外，它具有商业性的。 [逆子] 203 01.01 22:46 7
回复:具体情况具体分析 [刘武青] 116 12.31 16:39 12
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作者:jqsphy(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2001/12/31 13:15 字节:374 点击:19次 帖号:11635
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1.对于基础研究,主要的产出方式是论文.对于应用研究,则两者并重.但主要还是论文形式.因为并不是每项研究都有必要申请专利的.许多学术研究作者都不愿意申请专利.
2.对于欧洲核子中心,每做一个实验就耗费几百万美圆,可好象也不申请什么专利.
3.对于863计划,比较偏重生产实际,的确应该多产生成果,多产生专利.但是,说实在的,863计划只是把许多国外已有的技术在国内填补空白而已,这种成果没有必要申请专利.
数据可能更使人警醒。据《科技日报》报道，“８６３计划”实施１５年来，申请专利与发表论文的比例大约为１比３０ [刘武青] 675 12.30 22:07 18
回复: [jqsphy] 374 12.31 13:15 20
是的，专利应在科学之外，它具有商业性的。 [逆子] 203 01.01 22:46 7
回复:具体情况具体分析 [刘武青] 116 12.31 16:39 12
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是的，专利应在科学之外，它具有商业性的。
作者:逆子(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/01 22:46 字节:203 点击:7次 帖号:11682
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飞船飞向月球没有多少专利可申请。为什么？这一点最能说明问题。我们不能走入一个误区，专利是商业性的，这也是最为根本的一点。
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回复:具体情况具体分析
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2001/12/31 16:39 字节:116 点击:12次 帖号:11638
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要看自已的条件来决定是发表论文还是申请专利。
以怎样可以发表新观点为首选。
人们理解新观点是有一定过程的。
刘武青
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数小时后就是新的一年开始了，祝网友们新年好
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2001/12/31 18:56 字节:24 点击:5次 帖号:11641
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取得更大的成绩
刘武青
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我同意这样的观点，在讨论中，有的人提出：“拿出证据来，最好是实物”。
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/03 11:17 字节:143 点击:10次 帖号:11720
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我同意这样的观点，在讨论中，有的人提出：“拿出证据来，最好是实物”。
而且，努力去做。
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这里是在网易http://www.163.com搜索中输入刘武青的查找结果，已有456条信息了
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/03 11:30 字节:4K 点击:15次 帖号:11722
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这里是在网易http://www.163.com搜索中输入刘武青的查找结果，已有456条信息了。
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三个效应，反引力效应，刘武青效应，光源旋转效应 ...
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体旋转的光源发出的光是超光速 作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2001/10/06 22:31
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芝麻与西瓜之争，这就看你的爱好了。
作者:逆子(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/03 22:41 字节:83 点击:13次 帖号:11747
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回复:目的是让更多网友们知道三个效应
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/04 21:38 字节:117 点击:10次 帖号:11794
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起抛砖引玉的作用
刘武青
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我也有三个效应
作者:jqsphy(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/05 11:55 字节:15K 点击:11次 帖号:11804
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Relativistic quantum gravitational effects
作者:jqsphy(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/03 19:37 字节:15K 点击:12次 帖号:11738
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Relativistic quantum gravitational effects
in weak-gravitational fields
Jian Qi Shen, Hong Yi Zhu
1. Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics & Department of Physics
of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R.China
2.State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation,
Center for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College
of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University,
Hangzhou 310027, P.R.China
On the basis of the theoretical and experimental works concerning spin-rotation coupling by Mashhoon et al., we predict three relativistic quantum gravitational effects associated with gravitomagnetic fields: geometric quantum phase factor of a spinning particle interacting with time-dependent gravitomagnetic field, and non-inertial gravitational wave in time-dependent rotating reference frame as well as the gravitomagnetic Meissner effect. By means of neutron-gravity interferometry experiment, this geometric phase factor due to time-dependent spin-rotation coupling can be applied to obtaining information on the small fluctuations of Earth rotating frequency. Mashhoon spin-rotation coupling is a static case, while the interaction of the intrinsic spin of a particle with the non-inertial gravitational wave is its mobile realization. Utilizing the similarities between gravitational force and electromagnetic force in some aspects, we propose the gravitational analogue of Meissner effect in superconductivity, i.e., gravitational Meissner effect, which gives a valuable insight into the problems of cosmological constant and vacuum gravity. With the improvements in precise measuring instruments, particularly the laser technology, it becomes possible for investigating quantum mechanics in weak-gravitational fields, which provides tests of Einstein theory of General Relativity in quantum regime.
According to the equivalence principle in General Relativity, the nature of spin-rotation coupling is merely the interaction between the gravitational spin-magnetic moment and the gravitomagnetic field. By considering the Doppler effect of a light signal in the non-inertial reference frame rotating relative to the fixing reference frame, Mashhoon obtained the Hamiltonian of the intrinsic spin-rotation coupling which is of the form with and denoting the rotating frequency of the rotating frame and the intrinsic spin of a photon, respectively. In the framework of general relativity, however, we transform the Kerr metric from the fixing reference frame to the rotating frame, and calculate the exterior gravitomagnetic potential (one of the metric components ) of the spherically symmetric rotating body as follows
(1)
which is obtained by using the weak-field approximation, where and is respectively the speed of light and the gravitational constant, is so defined that represents the angular momentum per unit mass of this gravitating body, and stand for the displacements of the spherical coordinate fixed in the rotating reference frame. It follows that the first term on the right handed side in Eq. (1) is related to the gravitational constant and is vanishing when the radial coordinate , whereas the second term does not vanish since it arises from the coordinates transformation in terms of the equivalence principle. It is of interest that the second term in Eq. (1) gives rise to a gravitomagnetic field whose strength is just the rotating frequency of the rotating frame, with respect to the fixing reference system. Magnetic field results in the Lorentz force acting on a charged particle, in the similar fashion, the non-inertial gravitimagnetic field yields the fictitious Coriolis force acting on a moving particle. In view of above discussion, one can also obtain the same Hamiltonian of spin-rotation coupling by using the Dirac eqution with spin connection in curved spacetimes. Essentially, we can draw a conclusion that the interaction of the gravitational magnetic moment and the gravitomagnetic field involves spin-rotation coupling. The spin-rotation coupling leads to the inertial effects of the intrinsic spin of a particle, for instance, although the equivalence principle still holds, the universality of the law of freely falling particles is violated, provided that the spin is polarized vertically up or down in the non-inertial frame.
Since there exists observational evidence for the coupling of spin- particle with the rotation of the Earth, we suggest a geometric effect in the coupling of the neutron spin with the time-dependent rotation of the Earth. Since the analogy can be drawn between gravity and electromagnetic force in some aspects, Aharonov and Carmi proposed the geometric effect of the vector potential of gravity, and Anandan, Dresden and Sakurai et al. proposed the quantum-interferometry effect associated with gravity. What they investigated is now termed Aharonov-Carmi effect which is the gravitational analogue of Aharonov-Bohm effect in electrodynamics that appears as a geometric quantum phase factor (namely, Berry phase factor) in the wave function of an electron moving along a closed path surrounding a magnetic flux. Although the spin-rotation coupling and Aharonov-Carmi effect have the sameorigion, namely, both arise from the presence of the Coriolis force (the interaction of the motion of the particle with the non-inertial frame), we argue that the Aharonov-Carmi effect mentioned above does not comprise a new geometric effect due to the time-dependent rotation of the non-inertial frame. It is well known that the geometric phase factor appears in the quantum systems whose Hamiltonian is time-dependent or possesses evolution parameters. Differing from the dynamical phase which is related to the energy, frequency or velocity of a particle or a quantum system, geometric phase depends only on the geometric nature of the pathway along which the system evolves, which reflects the global and topological properties of evolution of the quantum systems. By making use of the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant theory and the invariant-related unitary transformation formulation, we compute the geometric phase that results from neutron spin-rotation coupling in which the rotating frequency is time-dependent. The result may be written as follows
(2)
with being the angle displacements over the parameters space of the conserved invariant, an operator whose eigenvalue is time-independent; corresponding to the neutron spin polarized vertically up and down. For the case of the adiabatic limit in which is a constant, the geometric phase in one cycle over the parameter space is then where is the expression for the solid angle which presents the geometric properties of time evolution of this spin-rotation system.
At present, investigation of geometric phase factor is an important direction in atomic and molecular physics, quantum optics, condensed matter physics and molecular reaction chemistry as well. Geometric phase factor has many applications in various branches of physics, say, in the case of spin-rotation coupling, a potential application can be suggested. Since this geometric phase reveals the time evolution of , information on the Earth variations of rotation will be obtained by measuring the geometric phase of the polarized neutrons through the neutron interferometry experiment.
Mashhoon spin-rotation or spin-gravity coupling is confined within the static case in which the rotating frequency is independent of time. Here we propose another interaction where the intrinsic spin of a particle is coupled to a propagating gravitomagnetic field. Einstein theory of General Relativity predicts that the accelerated mass produces the propagation of the space-time curvature which is termed gravitational wave. Detecting and investigating these space-time ripples is one of the leading areas in astrophysics and cosmology. Because of the weakness of the gravitational radiation, gravitational wave has not been detected at present even by means of both resonant-mass detectors and laser-interferometric detectors. In this report, however, we suggest the concept of non-inertial gravitational wave which does not relate to the smallness of the gravitational constant. Further detailed reasons are illustrated in the following. It follows from Eq. (1) that the rotation of the frame yields additional space-time curvature (expressed by ) which is independent of the gravitational constant, . If , therefore, the rotating frequency varies with time, the variations of the space-time curvature (the disturbance of the gravitational field) in the rotating reference frame propagates outwards in the form of wave motion, such a propagating disturbance is a non-inertial gravitational wave (NGW). By ignoring some small terms and higher-order terms, the wave equation of motion involving source terms is readily obtained
(3)
where and denote the amplitudes of gravitational wave and the mettic tensor of the flat Minkowski spacetime, respectively; and are the matrix elements of coordinate transformation frome the fixing frame to the rotating frame; with and being the energy-momentum tensor of matter.
Further analysis shows that there exist only two kinds of amplitudes of NGW, i.e., and in the time-dependent rotating reference frame, and the expressions of the source term on the right handed side of Eq. (3) are respectively of the form and . Note, however , that this NGW depends on the non-inertial reference frame and differs from the standard gravitational wave predicted by Einstein.
Experimental evidence for spin-rotation coupling exists in the microwave and optical regimes via the phenomenon of frequency shift of polarized radiation. It is believed that with the foreseeable improvements in detecting technology, the interaction between spin and NGW can also be detected. Since the existence of spin-rotation coupling is observed only from the non-inertial frame, NGW is thus defined to be such space-time ripples associated with the non-inertial reference frame. It is therefore apparent that investigation of NGW is of interest since its intensity is no longer dependent on the gravitational wave.
Although it possesses the non-inertial properties, this NGW can be coupled to matter. It is shown in what follows that the coupling coefficient is dependent on the gravitational constant, .
In London electrodynamics of superconductivity, the velocity of the superconducting electrons and the magnetic potentials satisfies which leads to the self induced charge current and thus provides photons field with an effective mass term in field equation or Lagrangian of electrodynamics. This procedure is equivalent to the mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking. In the theory of gravity, the similar phenomenon exists since the momentum density is conserved around the particles scattering, which is in analogy with the case in the superconductor where the electric current density is also conserved around scattering. Note that the Einstein equation of gravitational field under the low-motion weak-field approximation is formally analogous to the Maxwell equation of electromagnetic field, one can arrive at the similar relation between the velocity of particles and the gravitomagnetic vector potentials , where . From the point of view of the low-motion weak-field approximation, the self induced mass current results from this coupling of gravity to matter and then enables the gravitational field to possess an effective mass, , where and denote the Planck constant and the mass density of matter, respectively. Apparently, the NGW is not merely the non-inertial effect, for the effective mass of NGW is related to the gravitational constant, .
It is of interest to compare the weak-gravitational theory with London electrodynamics of superconductivity. The formal analogy between the gravitational field equation of weak-field approximation and Maxwell equation results in several similarities in perfect fluid and superconductor (Table 1). Our attentions will focus on the two queries in Table 1. A concept of gravitomagnetic charge which is considered the dual charge of mass is proposed by taking into account the fact that Dirac monopole (magnetic charge) is the dual charge of the electric charge. Since the concept of mass is of no use for the gravitomagnetic charge, it is interesting to establish its relativistic dynamics. The effect in the theory of weak gravity corrresponding to the Meissner effect in superconductivity theory is the gravitational Meissner effect. By combination of the gravitational Meissner effect with gravitomagnetic charge (should such exist), we briefly take into consideration the problems of the smallness of the observed cosmological constant and vacuum gravity. In accordance with quantum field theory, vacuum possesses infinite zero-point energy density due to the vacuum quantum fluctuations; whereas according to Einstein theory of General Relativity, infinite vacuum energy density yields the divergent curvature of spacetime, namely, the spacetime of vacuum is extremely curved. However it is apparently in contradiction with the experimental observations. In the context of quantum field theory a cosmological constant corresponds to the energy density associated with the vacuum. However, a diverse set of observations suggest that the universe possesses a nonzero but very small cosmological constant. How to give a natural interpretation for the above paradox? Here, provided that vacuum matter is perfect fluid, we suggest a potential explanation by using the gravitational Meissner effect: the gravitoelectric field (Newtonian field of gravity) produced by the gravitoelectric charge (mass) of the vacuum quantum fluctuations is exactly canceled by the gravitoelectric field due to the current of the gravitomagnetic charge (dual mass) of the vacuum quantum fluctuations; the gravitomagnetic field produced by the gravitomagnetic charge of the vacuum quantum fluctuations is exactly canceled by the gravitomagnetic field due to the current of the gravitoelectric charge (mass current) of the vacuum quantum fluctuations. Thus, at least in the framework of weak-field approximation, the extreme space-time curvature of vacuum caused by its large energy density does not arise, and the gravitational effects of cosmological constant is eliminated by the contributions of the gravitomagnetic charge (dual mass). If gravitational Meissner effect is of really physical significance, then it is necessary to apply this effect to the early universe.
For the present, it is possible to investigate the quantum mechanics in the weak-gravitational field, with the development of measuring technology such as laser technology and so on. These investigations enable physicists to test the validity or universality of fundamental laws and principles of General Relativity in, for instance, the microscopic quantum regimes. The above three effects associated gravitomagnetic field reflect the relativistic quantum gravitational properties of matter-gravity coupling in the weak-gravitational field. It is believed that these effects will give rise to further interest of investigation since there exist many physically potential applications in quantum theory, gravity theory, cosmology, applied physics and some related areas.
References and notes
沈建其：关于能够处理初始项的“Lorentz变换” [ccxdl] 737 01.02 22:26 14
回复: [jqsphy] 1K 01.03 16:03 12
回复Relativistic quantum gravitational effects [jqsphy] 15K 01.03 19:37 13
物理的东东能在数学中争出什么？ [逆 子]
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我已是中国光学学会的会员了。
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/07 19:09 字节:143 点击:30次 帖号:11870
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是今天收到的通知。
在我的主页简介上已加上。
刘武青
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回复:目的是让更多的人知道离心力影响光
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/08 21:18 字节:46 点击:6次 帖号:11924
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人们已知道引力影响光。
光也有压力。
刘武青
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回复:穆斯堡尔效应
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/08 21:48 字节:3K 点击:11次 帖号:11930
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回复:建议你具体讲讲你所知的穆斯堡尔效应
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/09 21:43 字节:135 点击:9次 帖号:11952
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有可能象上次你讲的磁场库仑定律一样
刘武青
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回复:那是第二步的问题了
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/07 20:56 字节:276 点击:16次 帖号:11881
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目前是用更多的实验证实磁场、电场中的电化学反应成立。
而磁场、电场的存在是不消耗能量的。是建立磁场、电场时才消耗能量。
在此BBS，以前的讨论帖子有较多的网友同意。
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回复:这么说你认为能量不守恒了？
作者:akby(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/07 22:13 字节:80 点击:8次 帖号:11882
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如果是这样我到是想知道一下来龙去脉，如果你说能量守恒，我想我对它就不会感兴趣了。
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回复:这里有一个工作方法问题
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/08 21:14 字节:90 点击:6次 帖号:11919
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有的专利不讲能量不守恒。
有的专利讲能量不守恒。
有时间进入我的主页看看原文。
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建立能量不守恒概念的教具
作者:刘武青(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 2002/01/08 21:41 字节:19K 点击:9次 帖号:11928
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“建立能量不守恒概念的教具”专利申请公开说说明书
您好：新世纪：让我用题目为"建立能量不守恒慨念的教具及使用方法"这篇专利公开说明书来迎接21世纪到来。
申请号 97123202.4 申请日 97.11.16
公开日 1998年7月8日 公开号 CN1186993A
申请人 刘武青
说明书摘要
建立能量不守恒的教具及使用方法。相同或同一磁埸的磁埸力：吸引以分子、原子状态存在的磁性物体的过程 中作功形式是动能，计算公式是功＝力×距离。吸引在吸 引前以分子、原子状态存在，吸引过程中以带正电荷的磁性离子状态存在，吸引后还是以分子、原子状态存在的物体作功的形式是电化学能，计算公式是法拉第电解定律。 以离子的形式受磁埸力吸引发生位移，用原子的形式将原子离开磁埸发生位移，进行循环。能量在这转化和转移过程中，存在着能量差，有多余的能量产生。
说明书
建立能量不守恒慨念的教具及使用方法
本发明目前可以作为教学用具。..........
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